The Hopelessness Scale for Children

Purpose

Measures children's future negative expectations

Keywords

depression, hopelessness, negative future expectation

Contact

Alan E. Kazdin
alan.kazdin@yale.edu/ (203) 432-4545

Evidence and Research

Kazdin, Rodgers, and Colbus, 1986; DuRant et al., 1994; Thurber et al., 1996; Wehmeyer and Palmer, 1998

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